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Monday, August 24, 2020
Neuromechanical Principles Underlying Movement - Free Samples
Question: Examine about the Neuromechanical Principles Underlying Movement. Answer: Presentation: The calling of nursing involves a few components of training, experience, and specialized and proficient ability (Levett-Jones, 2013). The act of clinical thinking is one of the most significant components in nursing clinical practice. The essential explanation behind this is the obligations of the medical attendant are enormously subject to the consistent thinking cycle that is adjusted by medical caretakers so as to organize the basic nursing objectives, set up suitable nursing objectives, structure a game plan, and assess the patient results and the outcomes accomplished out of the activity plan (Nackaerts, Heremans, Vervoort, 2016). Attendants are basically required to apply thinking and coherent prioritization to build up the necessities of the patient and plan nursing intercessions to address the particular worries of the patient. The present task includes the use of the clinical thinking model for the appraisal of clinical nursing needs and needs for Ms. Tune King, for whom post-employable laparoscopic medical procedure nursing intercession was attempted. The present exposition examines the assortment of information, contemplations for the patient, and the assessment of the data gathered (Levett-Jones, 2013). Further, the article sets down the needs in the nursing plan alongside deciphering the results of the activity plan for execution of the nursing needs. The patient, Melody King, is a 36-year-old female patient conceded for peritonitis following informative supplement burst. She gave serious torment in the lower left quadrant of the midsection to the crisis office, as she had been encountering the agony for around 3 days time. She experienced crisis laparoscopic medical procedure for the expulsion of the reference section which was burst. Song is presently in the post-employable unit and her clinical perceptions, physical assessment, and clinical history must be thought of. Persistent data must be recovered from the concerned doctor and specialist. Assortment of data and signals from understanding history and introductions: The patient data demonstrates that Melody presents with a background marked by melancholy and ceaseless asthma and respiratory issue. She is as of now taking agreeable drugs including Ventolin and Seretide for asthma and sertraline for the treatment of melancholy. The physical assessment subtleties for Melody show a low circulatory strain estimation of 95/45 mmHg; expanded pulse of 120 beats for each moment; raised internal heat level of 38.3 degree Celsius; somewhat raised or fringe respiratory pace of 22 breaths for every moment; close ordinary SpO2rate of 95%, since Melody has asthma, the worth can be viewed as typical. Tune moreover whines of queasiness and an agony in the focal stomach area of a rough evaluating of 7 or 8 on a size of 10. Records of physical assessment demonstrate distension in stomach area. The lab reports of histology and pathology of the patient demonstrate raised degrees of white platelets (WBC) and c-receptive protein (CRP). Examination and handling of the got data: Song gave lower left stomach torment of a serious range to the crisis office. She has experienced laparoscopic evacuation of burst addendum. Also, she has an extensively solid history of despondency and asthma and is experiencing treatment for them. Post-laparoscopic careful nursing includes the observing and treatment of resulting torment, observing unfriendly impacts because of the ceaseless drugs and the present post-careful circumstance of the patient, keeping a mind the physical assessment and obsessive reports, and checking and treatment for raised CRP and WBC levels. The patient grumbles of incorporated agony in the mid-region. Furthermore, the distension in the midsection presents higher entanglement. In the ebb and flow situation, it is critical to screen the impacts of Ventolin, Seretide, and sertraline on the momentum stomach torment, WBC, and CRP levels (Monticone et al., 2015). The patient has experienced laparoscopic medical procedure and may have sepsis or septic stun. The essential mediation that is required incorporates liquid revival (Kojovic et al., 2012). The degrees of CRP go about as a biomarker, valuable for the sign of the patient condition and wellbeing status as far as irritation present in the body. Raised degrees of CRP show the potential conditions, for example, injury, contaminations, irritation, cardiovascular hazard and so on. (Cross, Warner, Young, Weiand, 2012). On account of Melody, there might be the nearness of aggravation at the site of medical procedure or a septic stun because of which, there is an expansion in the degrees of CRP delivered in the liver. There is a probability of injury in the careful site and the raised degrees of WBCs in the blood likewise demonstrate a resistant response to injury or injury at the site of medical procedure (Ridker, Kastelein, Genest, Koenig, 2013). The expansion in the degrees of WBC is known as the state of leucocytosis and is an aftereffect of injury or the nearness margination of neutrophils or the state of neutrophilia. The measure of increment in the WBC check shows the seriousness of injury to the organ (Bonacina, Baragetti, Catapano, Norata, 2013). The state of leucocytosis is short in span and commonly keeps going somewhere close to a couple of moments to hours. The instance of Melody is convoluted because of the different related issues in the patient. The nursing mediation must address the significant concerns enough. The essential issues or worries in the patient include: Unified stomach agony and raised degrees of CRP and WBCs, demonstrating injury, injury, or sepsis in the careful site Sickness, low BP, and raised respiratory rate, heartbeat, and temperature Reactions of Ventolin, Seretide, and Sertraline in the expansion of the manifestations of stomach agony and brokenness The patient has a few entanglements because of the nearness of progressing agreeable medicine and probability of injury or injury at the site of medical procedure (Brenner, Kautz, 2015). The nursing concerns incorporate the end and treatment of the injury and checking standard medicine and related unfriendly occasions. The expanded degree of WBC and CRP increment the doubt of obtuse injury or a mysterious physical issue at the site of activity (Tabatabaie, Maleki, Talebpour, 2017). The needs of nursing care for Melody subsequently establish the primary objectives of: Evaluation of injury or injury and execute the treatment plan for the injury and leukocytosis Give sufficient consideration to stomach torment, queasiness, BP, raised temperature and heartbeat Screen the symptoms of Ventolin, Seretide, and Sertraline. The three essential nursing objectives have nearly a similar level of significance. All the three needs are similarly pivotal. Notwithstanding, the most noteworthy need is given to the assurance of injury as demonstrated by the CRP and WBC biomarkers. Activity and execution: The nursing mediation needs to concentrate on the post-employable consideration for the patient. These intercessions incorporate revival and sanitization to microbial contaminations. Guiding the patient to the concerned doctor for the assessment or radiology to decide the nearness of injury or injury and hence follow the treatment recommended by the doctor for the treatment of the injury Giving consistent liquid revival to the patient and keeping up sterility and arrangement of prophylactic intercessions to the patient encountering entanglements identified with the medical procedure and related injury or wounds. Checking variations from the norm in the physical assessment perceptions including pulse, beat, circulatory strain, and internal heat levels (Philips et al., 2013). Checking the impacts of Ventolin, Seretide, and Sertraline. The mediation essentially centers around the post-usable consideration for the patient alongside offering abundant help and revival. The disposal of injury and related agony alongside safe responses, for example, expanded heartbeat, internal heat level, and diminished pulse are of basic significance (Sista et al., 2013). Ventolin and Seretide can cause queasiness and increment in internal heat level. Sertraline can prompt torment sensation by and large. Along these lines, the dosages and the specific responses to these medications must be continually checked. Results of the activity and assessment: The perceptions in the patient records show the accompanying results of the mediation: Leukocytosis has diminished and the WBC check is inside the typical range. The injury was recognized and rewarded by the directions of the concerned doctor The physical assessment estimations of circulatory strain, BP, beat, and respiratory rate are fringe typical. The grumblings of queasiness and torment are for the most part in charge upon constant observing with the admission of agreeable prescriptions, for example, Ventolin, Seretide, and Sertraline. Impressions of the nursing experience: The present involvement with the instance of Melody was especially testing because of the quantity of inconveniences and related clinical concerns. This case has filled in as the ideal model for the significance of the clinical thinking model. The case appeared to be bothering from the start because of the high number of confusions and the nearness of leukocytosis and expanded CRP. Nonetheless, the clinical thinking model made it conceivable to specify the particular patient concerns and apportion the needs as indicated by the earnest concerns. The clinical thinking model and consistent investigation of the worries of the patient, the injury or the injury, and the related concerns empowered ideal treatment for the patient. Nursing care incorporates sound specialized information and thinking for the suitable recognizable proof of nursing needs. End: The idea of clinical thinking is one of the pivotal components of nursing care. Mediations for the consideration of
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Napoleon Was NOT a Son of the Revolution Essay -- European History
Toward the finish of the French Revolution, the expectations of the beginning times of the Revolution had been damaged, driving into the Reign of Terror. France had disintegrated into insurgency, with inner and universal strife. It was out of the remote wars that Napoleon came to control. Napoleon Bonaparte rose to control, triumph by triumph, in the long run making himself Emperor of France, making a solid focal government while proceeding with the remote wars, making a mass French Empire. Despite the fact that Napoleon was a result of the French Revolution and kept up the picture as a ââ¬Å"son of the Revolution,â⬠vision constantly tumbled to sober mindedness as Napoleonââ¬â¢s principle reason for existing was making a solid bound together France. Napoleonââ¬â¢s arrangements mirrored a portion of the goals of Enlightenment thought and he looked to spread them across Europe as he won. One of the center convictions of the Enlightenment is that the universe is precise and that there are normal laws that apply to everybody. In spite of the fact that what these rights were was up to discuss, the focal thought was that everybody ought to have them. As Napoleon vanquished Europe he applied similar laws to everyone, all over. This arrangement of laws is known as the Code Napoleon. A portion of the laws implemented by the Code Napoleon can be seen in Napoleonââ¬â¢s Imperial Decree at Madrid, where Napoleon nullified medieval rights, for example, clichés, just as holding onto church grounds to be appropriated among the individuals. Different moves he made were making ââ¬Å"constitutionsâ⬠that made laws that applied to all individuals similarly and couldn't be modified spontaneously. These are similar activities taken durin g the French unrest applied to every other region. Truth be told, the guarantees of these changes gave Napoleonââ¬â¢s powers supporters in the nations he sei... ...gery he utilized. Napoleonââ¬â¢s rule was significantly affected by the Enlightenment thoughts, however he was not a ââ¬Å"son of the Revolution.â⬠Louis Bergeron looked at Napoleon as an edified tyrant, saying, ââ¬Å"the dynamism of Bonaparte and his thorough organization restored the analysis of illuminated oppression, to some degree belatedly, since in the setting of Western Europe it was at that point somewhat out of date.â⬠Napoleon resembled an illuminated tyrant as he maintained total force while empowering legitimate and social uniformity for all classes of individuals (that werenââ¬â¢t him). What makes Napoleon special among edification dictators is that he designed his picture to seem, by all accounts, to be something different. The errors between the picture he introduced and the individual he was makes space for understanding with respect to whether Napoleon was a tyrant, an edified autocrat, or a boss of the unrest.
Sunday, July 19, 2020
Sample on Mental Health in Prisons
Sample on Mental Health in Prisons Mental Health in Prisons Dec 20, 2018 in Healthcare Mental Health Programs Delivery in Prisons Mental health troubles have been on the rise in prisons today. The growth has resulted into a criticism of the utilization of weightlifting programs. Nevertheless, there has been an amendment that ensures prison officials create a scheme of ready access to decent medical care, including mental health maintenance. Prison provides necessary health care as well as medication for a critical event to maintain mental wellness. Prisons today do carry out drug and substance tests to the inmates upon their admission. Nevertheless, in adhering to the determination of the medical examinations, the prison department offers medical services to those convicts which include regular follow-up actions. They also assist the inmates to abstain from ingesting the drugs as well as eradicating the drug-using lifestyle and putting them on treatment-related routines and drug-free activities.
Thursday, May 21, 2020
Modern Heroine By Kate Chopin - 1363 Words
Modern Heroine A heroine to me is often an average woman in an unexpected situation, which, despite the odds being piled against her, she usually overcomes in the end. In todayââ¬â¢s culture, women have overcome many difficulties to be able to work, teach, vote, have a voice in the government, and even are CEOs. Some people believe that some of these achievements are because of examples that come from literature that have led women to believe in, motivate, and stand up for themselves. In literature the amount of the things that a woman protagonist can do has also changed. Back in the 1800s women characters, whether fictional or not, could not be portrayed as rebellious, working, or even sexual beings. Of course there were some authors that did not follow these rules and they were not being published. Others, instead, wrote their works in a way that would be accepted by society rules, however, they were still making strong-minded women protagonists. One of these very famous authors is Kate Chopin. In every short story or novel her main character was a female. Not many writers during the mid to late 19th century were bold enough to address subjects that Chopin took on. Some of Chopinââ¬â¢s work could not be published until years after her death because of the strong themes that she knew would not be accepted in the world she lived in back then but she just wrote life as she saw it. Chopins short stories are all very different but one thing they have in common is theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Kate Chopin s The Things That A Woman 1361 Words à |à 6 PagesA heroine to me is often an average woman in an unexpected situation, which, despite the odds being piled against her, she usually overcomes in the end. In todayââ¬â¢s culture, women have overcome many difficulties to be able to work, teach, vote, have a voice in the government, and even are CEOs. Some people believe that some of these achievements are because of examples that come from literature tha t have led women to believe in, motivate, and stand up for themselves. In literature the amount of theRead More The Writing Style and Beliefs of Kate Chopin Essay example2035 Words à |à 9 PagesThe Writing Style and Beliefs of Kate Chopinà à à à à Kate Chopin was an extraordinary writer of the nineteenth century. Despite failure to receive positive critical response, she became one of the most powerful and controversial writers of her time. She dared to write her thoughts on topics considered radical: the institution of marriage and womens desire for social, economic, and political equality. With a focus on the reality of relationships between men and women, she draws stunning andRead MoreLouise Mallard : A Fragile Woman With A Heart Condition1280 Words à |à 6 Pagesfriend Richards, acquired knowledge of a railroad disaster that claimed Brentlyââ¬â¢s life, making haste towards the Mallard home as soon as he assured himself. Louise upon hearing of her husband s death ââ¬Å"wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonmentâ⬠(Chopin). Once she had been calmed she left her sister and friend and headed towards her bedroom. where in an hour a series emotions would unleash to reveal Louise darkest desires. Mrs. Mallard previews her future without her beloved husband, her open bedroomRead MoreAnalysis of ââ¬Å"the Story of an Hourâ⬠Written by Kate Chopin1697 Words à |à 7 PagesAnalysis of ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠written by Kate Chopin The story under analysis is written by Kate Chopin. Kate Chopin was an American author of short stories and novels. She wrote for both children and adults. She is considered as a forerunner of feminist author. Unlike many of the feminist writers of her time who were mainly interested in improving the social conditions of women, she looked for an understanding of personal freedom. She put much concentration on womenââ¬â¢s lives and their continualRead More The Awakening and The Yellow Wallpaper2395 Words à |à 10 Pages à à à à à à à à à Kate Chopins story The Awakening and Charlotte Perkins Gilmans story The Yellow Wallpaper draw their power from two truths: First, each work stands as a political cry against injustice and at the socio/political genesis of the modern feminist movement. Second, each text is a gatekeeper of a new literary history. Kate Chopin and Charlotte Perkins Gilman seem to initiate a new phase in textual history where literary conventions are revised to serve an ideology representative of theRead MoreThe Period Of Realism And Naturalism868 Words à |à 4 Pagesof the everydayâ⬠(902). On the other hand, naturalism focuses on a ââ¬Å"more romantic, view of human life than realismâ⬠(902). Authors that concentrated on realism and naturalism include Kate Chopin and Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Within their stories, it becomes clear on which issues they are bringing to life. As for Chopin and Gilman they discuss the harsh reality of women during their tim e in, ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Yellow Wall-paper.â⬠Since the dawn of mankind, women are traditionally recognizedRead MoreKate Chopins The Awakening: Womens Role In Society Essay1504 Words à |à 7 PagesWere they independent, career women or were they typical housewives that cooked, clean, watched the children, and catered to their husbands. Did the women of this era express themselves freely or did they just do what society expected of them? Kate Chopin was a female author who wrote several stories and two novels about women. One of her renowned works of art is The Awakening. This novel created great controversy and received negative criticism from literary critics due to Chopins portrayal ofRead MoreThe Awakening: Womens Role in Society1547 Words à |à 7 PagesWere they independent, career women or were they typical housewives that cooked, clean, watched the children, and catered to their husbands. Did the women of this era express themselves freely or did they just do what society expected of them? Kate Chopin was a female auth or who wrote several stories and two novels about women. One of her renowned works of art is The Awakening. This novel created great controversy and received negative criticism from literary critics due to Chopins portrayal ofRead MoreThe Yellow Wall Paper And The Story Of An Hour1601 Words à |à 7 Pageshave faced with men. This tension is derived from men; society; and within a woman herself. Two short stories, ââ¬Å"The Yellow Wall-paper and ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hour, ââ¬Å" focus on a womanââ¬â¢s plight near the turn of the 19th century. This era is a time in modern society where women were looked as second class citizens. The two main characters in these stories show similarities, but they are also different in the ways they deal with their problems and life. These two characters have commonalities and differencesRead MoreEssay on The Importance of Point of View in Kate Chopinââ¬â¢s Fiction3285 Words à |à 14 PagesThe Importance of Point of View in Kate Cho pinââ¬â¢s Fiction The impact of Kate Chopinââ¬â¢s novel, The Awakening, on society resulted in her ruin, both literary and social. Reviewers called it vulgar, improper, unhealthy, and sickening. One critic said that he wished she had never written it, and another wrote that to truly describe the novel would entail language not fit for publication (Stipe 16). The overwhelming condemnation of the entire book rather than just Ednaââ¬â¢s suicide seems surprising
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Liberal Arts And Conservative Arts Essay - 909 Words
Conclusion Josey Fowler HU 2651: Liberal Arts Core Seminar Dr. Brown Liberal arts prepare diligent students for success by providing them opportunities to learn about themselves and about others around them. The liberal arts shape studentsââ¬â¢ perspective making them become more diverse in how they view the world. It teaches students qualitative thought and quantitative thought and how those two types of thought come together to form conclusions and effective decisions. Not only does the liberal arts require students to think critically, but it also creates students who know how to write and speak efficiently. A student who know how to talk to people and knows how to explain their thought process will eventually become leaders and great citizens for society. The liberal arts create student who can think for themselves. With courses that encourage students to think, a liberal arts education generates students who will have unique perspectives and opinions on many subjects. The liberal arts prepare students to generate ideas that will continue to f acilitate discussions in and outside of school. Liberal arts prepare a student to think about their thought process. With quantitative information and qualitative information, students can learn how to express their thought process and any patterns that go along with the process. The liberal arts encourage students to collect information, analyze that information and then come up with conclusions or solutions forShow MoreRelatedThe Art Of Liberal Arts930 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Art of Liberal Arts ââ¬Å"I canââ¬â¢t go to a liberal-arts college. My parents are conservatives!â⬠I told my eighth grade teacher. He laughed and then went on to explain what a liberal-arts college actually is. Like many others, I believed a common misperception about the liberal-arts. In ââ¬Å"The New Liberal Artsâ⬠by Sanford J. Ungar, the writer explains wrong ideas about the liberal-arts to a college-based audience including students, professors, and administration. He explains the importance and relevanceRead MoreAnalysis Of The New Liberal Arts 1002 Words à |à 5 Pagesof The New Liberal Arts Living in the Digital Age it is not uncommon to believe the STEM fields- science, technology, engineering, and mathematics- are far more superior degree choices than its outdated counterparts, the liberal arts. However, Sanford J. Ungar attempts to shed light on the highly scrutinized and critiqued liberal arts education by clearing up seven common misperceptions. In his essay, The New Liberal Arts, Ungar strings together counterarguments on why a liberal education stillRead MoreThe Influence Of Ideologies In The Formulation Of Social Policies1489 Words à |à 6 Pagesclassifications given for ideologies. One of the most well-known classifications is the liberal-conservative-socialist view (Alcock, 2008). Liberalism is mostly characterized by values such as individualism and freedom, where everyone takes care and is responsible for themselves. The society is mainly built up on the principle is that one gets what one deserves with very little state or community intervention. Conserva tives tend to appreciate tradition and family values such that oneââ¬â¢s own community or relativesRead MoreFeminism in Mona Lisa Smile Essay915 Words à |à 4 Pagesboyfriend behind in Los Angeles, California, to teach at Wellesley College, a conservative womens private liberal arts college in Massachusetts, United States. Katherine Ann Watson tries to open her students minds to their freedom to do whatever they want with their lives. She encourages her students to believe in themselves, to study to become career professionals, and to improve their economic futures. She uses her art teachings as a vehicle to put across her opinion to the young women; that herRead MoreQuestions On Liberal Arts Education982 Words à |à 4 Pageswishes to take part in a college or university education usually decides what degree he/she wants to pursue before high school graduation; in some cases a liberal-arts degree is chosen. Misconceptions and critical opinions lead many to not take an interest in a liberal-arts education. In the article, ââ¬Å"7 Major Misperceptions About the Liberal Artsâ⬠, Sanford J Ungar states that, We cannot assign different socioeconomic groups to different levels or types of educationâ⬠(pp.2). I agree, but I also believeRead MoreFilm Review Mona Lisa Smile Essay1042 Words à |à 5 Pagesthe movie, Mona Lisa Smile directed by Mike Newell, a new art history professor at Wellesley College teaches her female students alternatives to their seemingly preordained futures as wives and mothers. In this paper we will examine womens roles in the 1950s through Mona Lisa Smile and compare this film to actual experiences of Wellesley collage graduates. In 1953, a time when womens roles were rigidly defined, free-spirited, art history professor Katherine Watson (Julia Roberts) beginsRead MoreReview of Zadie Smiths Novel On Beauty1222 Words à |à 5 Pagescomments on Howard Belseys referring to Monty Kipps as a self-hating psychotic (Smith 5). More than likely part of their resentment has to do with the fact that the two men are in the same field; they are both academics who are heavily interested in art history. Indeed Monty Kipps has published a book on Rembrandt which Howard Belsey feels is retrogressive, perverse, infuriatingly essentialist, but it was neither vulgar nor stupid (Smith 13). Belsey, on the other hand has been writing a book aboutRead MoreThe Liberal Views Of Justin Trudeau709 Words à |à 3 Pagestoday. Economically conservative thinkers would be foolish to dismiss his economic prowess because of it. Right-wing citizens all over Canada are devastated by the news. Stephen Harper, who defended conservative value s and implemented them in Canada for a full decade, is no longer Prime Minister. Canada will not survive any economic crisis without a government who is willing to make the necessary ââ¬Å"hardâ⬠economic decisions. Well, what if the population was informed that the liberals know how to manageRead MoreThe Opinion Of Charter Schools1687 Words à |à 7 Pagesnews articles. One of the first two articles that I came across was from a well known conservative news source. The other was published in a prominent outlet for liberal news. I was amazed at the polar opposite views that the two sources had on the subject and decided to see if this dichotomy continued in other news outlets as well. I then looked up a ranking of various news sources as liberal or conservative. I visited websites with varying political views and read articles that they had composedRead MoreThe Politics Of The American Government898 Words à |à 4 PagesThese concepts are Liberalism and Conservatism, and ea ch holds different premise of political power. Liberals demand academic freedom and oppose the government control of press, arts, and ideas. Conservatives demand material freedom and oppose the government control of trade, business, and wealth. Liberals believe that menââ¬â¢s intelligence can reach to the furthest place of the universe, while Conservatives believe men have freedom to go anywhere on Earth but their minds should be restricted to keep their
Notes on Ethics and International Human Resource Management Free Essays
IHRM Session 18 Ethics IHRM Ethics Ethics may be defined as an individualââ¬â¢s or societyââ¬â¢s beliefs regarding what is right and wrong, or good and bad. Ethics is about how our decisions affect other people. It is also about the rights and duties of people, the moral rules that people apply in decision making and the nature of relationships in a society. We will write a custom essay sample on Notes on Ethics and International Human Resource Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Managerial Ethics Managerial Ethics refer to the standards of behavior of individual managers in their work. Four Levels of Ethical Questions in Business Societal ââ¬â At the societal level, we ask questions about basic institutions, practices and behaviors in a society. For example, is racial discrimination right? Is capitalism the just system to allocate resources in a society? Stakeholder ââ¬â At the level of the stakeholders of a business, such as customers, shareholders, suppliers, etc. , the ethical issues concern, disclosing correct information to customers, insider trading, relationship and trust with suppliers, etc. Internal Policy ââ¬â Ethical issues relating to internal policy concern nature f employment policies, fairness of job contracts, work rules, motivation, layoffs, etc. Personal ââ¬â At the personal level ethics refers to individual behavior in an organization and covers issues of honesty, professional integrity, etc. Tools of Ethics Values ââ¬â are beliefs that are Relatively few in numbers Serve as a guide for culturally appropriate behavior Enduring or difficult to change Not tied to specific objects or situations Widely accepted by members of a society Values are the answers to the ââ¬Å"whyâ⬠questions. Rights ââ¬â Claims that entitle a person to take a particular action Duties ââ¬â obligations to take specific steps or obey the law Moral rules ââ¬â Rules for behavior that often become internalized as moral values Relationships ââ¬â People are related directly or indirectly in a society, which makes ethical behavior necessary Common Morality Common morality refers to the body of moral rules governing ordinary ethical problems. Some basic principles of common morality Promise keeping Non-malevolence Mutual Aid Respect for Persons Respect for Property Approaches to Ethics In the international context, there are three approaches to Ethics Ethical Relativism ââ¬â The belief that there are no universal or international rights and wrongs. So, an MNC may adopt the practices that are accepted as right in each country, regardless of whether such practices are accepted as right in the home country Ethical Absolutism ââ¬â The belief that an MNC should only follow what is accepted as ethical in its home country, regardless of which country it operates in. Ethical Universalism ââ¬â The belief that there are certain fundamental principles of right and wrong that are universal in nature and accepted by every culture. MNCs while operating in different countries must adhere to these universally accepted principles of right and wrong. Ethics IHRM The existence of universal principles of right and wrong is to an extent proved by the adoption by many countries of the world of certain universal codes of conduct. For examples: The UN Declaration of Human Rights Guidelines for MNEs adopted by OECD countries Caux Round Table Principles of Business The Caux Principles The Caux Round Table believes that the world business community should play an important role in improving economic and social conditions. As a statement of aspirations, this document aims to express a world standard against which business behavior can be measured. We seek to begin a process that identifies shared values, reconciles differing values, and thereby develops a shared perspective on business behavior acceptable to and honored by all. The Caux Principles are based on two basic ethical ideals: The Japanese Principle of Kyosei ââ¬â which means living and working together for a common good Human Dignity ââ¬â Respecting the sacredness and value of each person as an end in itself. The Caux Principles Principle 1. The Responsibilities Of Businesses: Beyond Shareholders toward Stakeholders The value of a business to society is the wealth and employment it creates and the marketable products and services it provides to consumers at a reasonable price commensurate with quality. To create such value, a business must maintain its own economic health and viability, but survival is not a sufficient goal. Businesses have a role to play in improving the lives of all their customers, employees, and shareholders by sharing with them the wealth they have created. Suppliers and competitors as well should expect businesses to honor their obligations in a spirit of honesty and fairness. As responsible citizens of the local, national, regional and global communities in which they operate, businesses share a part in shaping the future of those communities. Principle 2. The Economic and Social Impact of Business:Toward Innovation, Justice and World Community Businesses established in foreign countries to develop, produce or sell should also contribute to the social advancement of those countries by creating productive employment and helping to raise the purchasing power of their citizens. Businesses also should contribute to human rights, education, welfare, and vitalization of the countries in which they operate. Businesses should contribute to economic and social development not only in the countries in which they operate, but also in the world community at large, through effective and prudent use of resources, free and fair competition, and emphasis upon innovation in technology, production methods, marketing and communications. Principle 3. Business Behavior: Beyond the Letter of Law Toward a Spirit of Trust While accepting the legitimacy of trade secrets, businesses should recognize that sincerity, candor, truthfulness, the keeping of promises, and transparency contribute not only to their own credibility and stability but also to the smoothness and efficiency of business transactions, particularly on the international level. Principle 4. Respect for Rules To avoid trade frictions and to promote freer trade, equal conditions for competition, and fair and equitable treatment for all participants, businesses should respect international and domestic rules. In addition, they should recognize that some behavior, although legal, may still have adverse consequences. Principle 5. Support for Multilateral Trade Businesses should support the multilateral trade systems of the GATT/World Trade Organization and similar international agreements. They should cooperate in efforts to promote the progressive and judicious liberalization of trade and to relax those domestic measures that unreasonably hinder global commerce, while giving due respect to national policy objectives. Principle 6. Respect for the Environment A business should protect and, where possible, improve the environment, promote sustainable development, and prevent the wasteful use of natural resources. Principle 7. Avoidance of Illicit Operations A business should not participate in or condone bribery, money laundering, or other corrupt practices: indeed, it should seek cooperation with others to eliminate them. It should not trade in arms or other materials used for terrorist activities, drug traffic or other organized crime. Laws Against Bribery The USA has passed the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, which prohibits any US company from paying bribes in foreign countries The UN Declaration Against Corruption and Bribery in international transactions makes it mandatory for the signatories to this declaration to pass laws prohibiting bribery UN Global Compact Principles PRINCIPLE ONE Businesses should support and respect the protection of internationally proclaimed human rights PRINCIPLE TWO Businesses should make sure they are not complicit in human rights abuses PRINCIPLE THREE Businesses should uphold the freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining PRINCIPLE FOUR Businesses should uphold the elimination of all forms of forced and compulsory labour PRINCIPLE FIVE Businesses should uphold the effective abolition of child labour PRINCIPLE SIX Businesses should uphold the elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation. PRINCIPLE SEVEN Businesses should support a precautionary approach to environmental challenges PRINCIPLE EIGHT Businesses should undertake initiatives to promote greater environmental responsibility PRINCIPLE NINE Businesses should encourage the development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies. Principle 10 Businesses should work against corruption in all its forms, including extortion and bribery. HR function Ethics Studies show that HR department is involved to a great extent in drafting and implementing ethical initiatives within organizations With expertise in organizational culture, behavioral studies, change management and people related initiatives, HR is in a position to play a key role in initiating ethical conduct within organizations though everyone should be responsible for ethical conduct and behavior Ethics MNCs For MNCs operating in widely different cultural, racial and social environments, having a self-regulatory code of ethics is even more important. The HR departments do play a key role in monitoring the ethical conduct of its PCNs, TCNs and HCNs How to cite Notes on Ethics and International Human Resource Management, Papers
Sunday, April 26, 2020
Liquefied Natural Gas
Hydrocarbons have come to be the most common type of fuels, used in machines throughout the past century. Most machines have been designed to use the most efficient, and easy to get fuels available. On the same note, these hydrocarbons are also useful in domestic uses which include cooking. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Liquefied Natural Gas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hydrocarbons have been the most preferred source of fuel, because of their availability, minimal effects to the environment and safety associated with using them. Nowadays, liquefied natural gas (LNG) is preferred because of its chemical and physical properties, to other hydrocarbon fuels. Chemical and Physical Properties Liquefied natural gas is generally a colorless and odorless gas, which is changed into liquid form for easy transportation and use. However, in order to detect gas leaks, an odor substance is added at some point, when liquefying the gas. This ensures that any leakage can be detected easily through smelling (Tusian and Gordon 87). In addition, liquefied natural gas is not corrosive, is non-flammable as well as non-toxic. It is important to note that, this type of fuel is a fossil fuel and is composed of hydrogen and carbon compounds; hence it is categorized as a hydrogen carbon fuel. Natural gas is a mixture of various compounds majorly propane, ethane, methane and butane. Additionally, this type of fuel also contains some impurities and other heavier hydrocarbons including: carbon dioxide, hydrogen and sulphur compounds (Hazlehurst 451). The boiling point of liquefied natural gas is usually -162oC, though this depends on the compounds present in the mixture. When burned in sufficient air, liquefied natural gas produces carbon dioxide and water vapor. This is one quality that makes it non-toxic. On the contrary, if air supply is limited the gas can produce carbon monoxide gas which is toxic . The density of LNG also varies with its components, but is usually between 430kg/m3 and 470kg/m3. Its specific density is approximately 0.6 and is thus lighter than air. Liquefied natural gas has a very high ignition temperature, which is around 540oC thus making it non-flammable, contrary to natural gas which is flammable (Tusian and Gordon 88). Storage and Mode of Transport In its liquid form, LNG occupies a very small volume compared to the gaseous status, which makes it economical and cost effective to store it in a liquid state. Additionally, liquefied natural gas cannot burn without air, making it impossible for combustion to take place in the cylinder (Hazlehurst 37). Advertising Looking for research paper on chemistry? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, LNG is commonly transported by way of intermodal tanks. It is important to note that, LNG is safe to use because besides the odor which ensures that any leaka ge is detected, it is not poisonous and does not produce poisonous products, during combustion. Hazard scenario Ifliquefied natural gas carried in a ship spills, it leads to a state known as localized overpressure. This is due to the fact that, its boiling point is far much lower than earthly temperatures, and this causes a physical explosion when the liquid turns spontaneously into a gaseous state. This can be catastrophic at times, because the pressure rating of the cargo is low. Uses Liquefied natural gas has been put into use, both domestically and commercially. Domestically, LNG is used for cooking as well as lighting while in industries, it is used as a source of heat for various processes (Hazlehurst 469). Works Cited Hazlehurst, John. Tolleyââ¬â¢s Basic Science and Practice of Gas Service. London: Routledge, 2012. Print. Tusian, Michael, and Gordon Shearer. Lng: A Nontechnical Guide. Tulsa: Penn Well Books, 2007. Print. This research paper on Liquefied Natural Gas was written and submitted by user HighEvolutionary to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.
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